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| 10-Bit, 500MSPS A/D Converter ISLA110P50 The ISLA110P50 is a low-power, high-performance, 500MSPS analog-to-digital converter designed with Intersil's proprietary FemtoCharge(R) technology on a standard CMOS process. The ISLA110P50 is part of a pin-compatible portfolio of 8, 10 and 12-bit A/Ds. This device an upgrade of the KAD551XP-50 product family and is pin similar. The device utilizes two time-interleaved 250MSPS unit A/Ds to achieve the ultimate sample rate of 500MSPS. A single 500MHz conversion clock is presented to the converter, and all interleave clocking is managed internally. The proprietary Intersil Interleave Engine (I2E) performs automatic fine correction of offset, gain, and sample time skew mismatches between the unit A/Ds to optimize performance. No external interleaving algorithm is required. A serial peripheral interface (SPI) port allows for extensive configurability of the A/D. The SPI also controls the interleave correction circuitry, allowing the system to issue continuous calibration commands as well as configure many dynamic parameters. Digital output data is presented in selectable LVDS or CMOS formats. The ISLA110P50 is available in a 72-contact QFN package with an exposed paddle. Performance is specified over the full industrial temperature range (-40 to +85C). ISLA110P50 Features * 1.15GHz Analog Input Bandwidth * 90fs Clock Jitter * Automatic Fine Interleave Correction Calibration * Multiple Chip Time Alignment Support via the Synchronous Clock Divider Reset * Programmable Gain, Offset and Skew control * Over-Range Indicator * Clock Phase Selection * Nap and Sleep Modes * Two's Complement, Gray Code or Binary Data Format * DDR LVDS-Compatible or LVCMOS Outputs * Programmable Test Patterns and Internal Temperature Sensor Applications * Radar and Electronic/Signal Intelligence * Broadband Communications * High-Performance Data Acquisition Block Diagram CLKDIVRSTN CLKDIVRSTP Pin-Compatible Family OVDD AVDD MODEL ISLA112P50 CLKOUTP CLKOUTN RESOLUTION 12 10 8 SPEED (MSPS) 500 500 500 CLKP CLKN ISLA110P50 ISLA118P50 CLOCK MANAGEMENT Key Specifications SHA 10- BIT 250 MSPS ADC VREF VINP VINN Gain/ Offset/ Skew Adjustments DIGITAL D[9:0]P D[9:0]N * SNR = 60.6dBFS for fIN = 190MHz (-1dBFS) * SFDR = 80dBc for fIN = 190MHz (-1dBFS) * Total Power Consumption = 441mW ORP ORN OUTFMT OUTMODE I2E ERROR CORRECTION VCM SHA 10 - BIT 250MSPS ADC VREF 1.25V + - SPI CONTROL RESETN NAPSLP June 4, 2010 FN7606.1 1 CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. FemtoCharge is a trademark of Kenet Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2010. All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. OGND AGND CSB SCLK SDIO SDO ISLA110P50 Table of Contents Block Diagram ................................................... 1 Pin-Compatible Family....................................... 1 Key Specifications ............................................. 1 Table of Contents .............................................. 2 Pin Descriptions ................................................ 4 Absolute Maximum Ratings .............................. 5 Thermal Information ........................................ 5 Digital Specifications ........................................ 8 Timing Diagrams ............................................... 8 Switching Specifications .................................... 9 Typical Performance Curves ............................ 10 Theory of Operation......................................... 14 Functional Description..................................... Power-On Calibration ...................................... User Initiated Reset........................................ Analog Input ................................................. Clock Input ................................................... Jitter ............................................................ Voltage Reference .......................................... Digital Outputs .............................................. Over Range Indicator...................................... Power Dissipation........................................... Nap/Sleep ..................................................... Data Format .................................................. 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 18 FS/4 Filter .................................................... 19 Nyquist Zones ............................................... 19 Configurability and Communication .................. 20 Clock Divider Synchronous Reset .................... 20 Serial Peripheral Interface .............................. 22 SPI Physical Interface .................................... SPI Configuration .......................................... Device Information ........................................ Indexed Device Configuration/Control .............. AC RMS Power Threshold ................................ Address 0x60-0x64: I2E initialization ............... Device Test................................................... SPI Memory Map ........................................... 22 23 23 23 25 26 27 28 Equivalent Circuits .......................................... 30 A/D Evaluation Platform ................................. 32 Layout Considerations..................................... 32 Split Ground and Power Planes ........................ Clock Input Considerations ............................. Exposed Paddle ............................................. Bypass and Filtering....................................... LVDS Outputs ............................................... LVCMOS Outputs ........................................... Unused Inputs .............................................. 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 Definitions....................................................... 32 Revision History.................................................. 34 Products.......................................................... 34 Package Outline Drawing ............................... 35 I2E Requirements and Restrictions ................. 19 Overview........................................................ 19 Active Run State ............................................ 19 Power Meter .................................................. 19 2 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Ordering Information PART NUMBER (Notes 1, 2) ISLA110P50IRZ NOTE: 1. These Intersil Pb-free plastic packaged products employ special Pb-free material sets, molding compounds/die attach materials, and 100% matte tin plate plus anneal (e3 termination finish, which is RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations). Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020. 2. For Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL), please see device information page for ISLA110P50. For more information on MSL please see techbrief TB363. PART MARKING ISLA110P50 IRZ SPEED (MSPS) 500 TEMP. RANGE (C) -40 to +85 PACKAGE (Pb-Free) 72 Ld QFN PKG. DWG. # L72.10x10C Pin Configuration ISLA110P50 (72 LD QFN) TOP VIEW OUTFMT AVDD OVSS AVSS OVDD 56 SCLK SDIO SDO ORP ORN D9N D8N D9P 72 AVDD DNC RES RES DNC AVDD AVSS AVSS VINN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 D8P 60 59 58 D7N 57 55 54 D6P 53 D6N 52 D5P 51 D5N 50 D4P 49 D4N 48 CLKOUTP 47 CLKOUTN OVSS 46 RLVDS 45 OVSS 44 D3P 43 D3N 42 D2P 41 D2N 40 D1P 39 D1N 38 D0P 37 D0N 36 CSB PD VINP 10 AVSS 11 AVDD 12 DNC 13 DNC 14 VCM 15 DNC 16 DNC 17 DNC 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 r n tio a rm o Inf l tia n ide nf CONNECT THERMAL PAD TO AVSS 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 CLKDIVRSTP CLKDIVRSTN OUTMODE NAPSLP RESETN OVDD DNC DNC DNC DNC D7P DNC CLKP DNC FIGURE 1. PIN CONFIGURATION 3 OVDD AVDD AVDD OVSS CLKN FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Pin Descriptions PIN NUMBER 1, 6, 12, 19, 24, 71 2, 5, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 3, 4 7, 8, 11, 72 9, 10 15 20, 21 22 23 25 26, 45, 55, 65 27, 36, 56 28, 29 37, 38 39, 40 41, 42 43, 44 46 47, 48 49, 50 51, 52 53, 54 57, 58 59, 60 61, 62 63, 64 66 67 68 69 70 PD LVDS [LVCMOS] NAME AVDD DNC RES AVSS VINN, VINP VCM CLKP, CLKN OUTMODE NAPSLP RESETN OVSS OVDD CLKDIVRSTP, CLKDIVRSTN D0N, D0P [NC, D0] D1N, D1P [NC, D1] D2N, D2P [NC, D2] D3N, D3P [NC, D3] RLVDS CLKOUTN, CLKOUTP [NC, CLKOUT] D4N, D4P [NC, D4] D5N, D5P [NC, D5] D6N, D6P [NC, D6] D7N, D7P [NC, D7] D8N, D8P [NC, D8] D9N, D9P [NC, D9] ORN, ORP [NC, OR] SDO CSB SCLK SDIO OUTFMT AVSS 1.8V Analog Supply Do Not Connect Reserved. (4.7k pull-up to OVDD is required for each of these pins) Analog Ground Analog Input Negative, Positive Common Mode Output Clock Input True, Complement Tri-Level Output Mode (LVDS, LVCMOS) Tri-Level Power Control (Nap, Sleep modes) Power On Reset (Active Low) Output Ground 1.8V Output Supply Sample Clock Synchronous Divider Reset Positive, Negative LVDS Bit 0 Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 0] LVDS Bit 1 Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 1] LVDS Bit 2 Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 2] LVDS Bit 3 Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 3] LVDS Bias Resistor (connect to OVSS with a 10k, 1% resistor) LVDS Clock Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS CLKOUT] LVDS Bit 4 Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 4] LVDS Bit 5 Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 5] LVDS Bit 6 Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 6] LVDS Bit 7 Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 7] LVDS Bit 8 Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 8] LVDS Bit 9 (MSB) Output Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Bit 9] LVDS Over Range Complement, True [NC, LVCMOS Over Range] SPI Serial Data Output (4.7k pull-up to OVDD is required) SPI Chip Select (active low) SPI Clock SPI Serial Data Input/Output Tri-Level Output Data Format (Two's Comp., Gray Code, Offset Binary) Exposed Paddle. Analog Ground LVDS [LVCMOS] FUNCTION NOTE: LVCMOS Output Mode Functionality is shown in brackets (NC = No Connection) 4 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Absolute Maximum Ratings AVDD to AVSS . . . . . . OVDD to OVSS. . . . . . AVSS to OVSS . . . . . . Analog Inputs to AVSS Clock Inputs to AVSS . Logic Input to AVSS . . Logic Inputs to OVSS . NOTE: 3. JA is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high effective thermal conductivity test board with "direct attach" features. See Tech Brief TB379 for details. 4. For JC, the "case temp" location is the center of the exposed metal pad on the package underside. 5. For solder stencil layout and reflow guidelines, please see Tech Brief TB389. CAUTION: Do not operate at or near the maximum ratings listed for extended periods of time. Exposure to such conditions may adversely impact product reliability and result in failures not covered by warranty. Thermal Information . . . . . . -0.4V to . . . . . . -0.4V to . . . . . . -0.3V to -0.4V to AVDD + -0.4V to AVDD + -0.4V to OVDD + -0.4V to OVDD + 2.1V 2.1V 0.3V 0.3V 0.3V 0.3V 0.3V Thermal Resistance (Typical) JA (C/W) JC (C/W) 72 Ld QFN (Notes 3, 4, 5) . . . . . . . 23 0.75 Operating Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40C to +85C Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65C to +150C Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +150C Pb-Free Reflow Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .see link below http://www.intersil.com/pbfree/Pb-FreeReflow.asp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical Specifications All specifications apply under the following conditions unless otherwise noted: AVDD = 1.8V, OVDD = 1.8V, TA = -40C to +85C (typical specifications at +25C), AIN = -1dBFS, FIN = 105MHz, fSAMPLE = 500MSPS, after completion of I2E calibration. ISLA110P50 (Note 6) PARAMETER DC SPECIFICATIONS (Note 6) Analog Input Full-Scale Analog Input Range Input Resistance Input Capacitance Full Scale Range Temp. Drift Input Offset Voltage Gain Error Common-Mode Output Voltage Clock Inputs Inputs Common Mode Voltage CLKP,CLKN Input Swing Power Requirements 1.8V Analog Supply Voltage 1.8V Digital Supply Voltage 1.8V Analog Supply Current 1.8V Digital Supply Current (Note 7) SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS VFS RIN CIN AVTC VOS EG VCM Differential Differential Differential Full Temp 1.41 1.45 500 1.9 325 1.52 VP-P pF ppm/C -10 2.0 2.0 10 mV % 435 535 635 mV 0.9 0.2 1.8 V V AVDD OVDD IAVDD IOVDD 3mA LVDS, I2E powered down, FS/4 Filter powered down 3mA LVDS, I2E On, FS/4 Filter On 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 173 79 124 -36 1.9 1.9 186 86 V V mA mA mA dB Power Supply Rejection Ratio Total Power Dissipation Normal Mode PSRR 30MHz, 200mVP-P 2mA LVDS, I2E powered down, Fs/4 Filter powered down 3mA LVDS, I2E powered down, FS/4 Filter powered down 3mA LVDS, I2E On, FS/4 Filter powered down 3mA LVDS, I2E On, FS/4 Filter On PD 441 454 520 535 164 179 490 mW mW mW mW mW Nap Mode PD 5 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Electrical Specifications All specifications apply under the following conditions unless otherwise noted: AVDD = 1.8V, OVDD = 1.8V, TA = -40C to +85C (typical specifications at +25C), AIN = -1dBFS, FIN = 105MHz, fSAMPLE = 500MSPS, after completion of I2E calibration. (Continued) ISLA110P50 (Note 6) PARAMETER Sleep Mode Nap Mode Wakeup Time (Note 8) Sleep Mode Wakeup Time (Note 8) AC SPECIFICATIONS (Note 9) Differential Nonlinearity Integral Nonlinearity Minimum Conversion Rate (Note 10) Maximum Conversion Rate Signal-to-Noise Ratio (Note 11, 12) DNL INL fS MIN fS MAX SNR fIN = 10MHz fIN = 105MHz fIN = 190MHz fIN = 364MHz fIN = 495MHz fIN = 605MHz fIN = 995MHz Signal-to-Noise and Distortion (Note 11, 12) SINAD fIN = 10MHz fIN = 105MHz fIN = 190MHz fIN = 364MHz fIN = 495MHz fIN = 605MHz fIN = 995MHz Effective Number of Bits (Note 11, 12) ENOB fIN = 10MHz fIN = 105MHz fIN = 190MHz fIN = 364MHz fIN = 495MHz fIN = 605MHz fIN = 995MHz Spurious-Free Dynamic Range (Note 11, 12) SFDR fIN = 10MHz fIN = 105MHz fIN = 190MHz fIN = 364MHz fIN = 495MHz fIN = 605MHz fIN = 995MHz Intermodulation Distortion IMD fIN = 70MHz fIN = 170MHz Word Error Rate Full Power Bandwidth WER FPBW 70 9.60 59.8 59.9 500 60.7 60.7 60.6 60.3 60.1 59.7 58.6 60.7 60.7 60.5 60.0 59.4 57.9 48.2 9.79 9.79 9.77 9.68 9.58 9.33 7.71 84 86 80 74 68 63 48 89 87 10-12 1.15 GHz -0.35 -0.5 0.15 0.2 0.35 0.5 80 LSB LSB MSPS MSPS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS dBFS Bits Bits Bits Bits Bits Bits Bits dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc SYMBOL PD Sample Clock Running Sample Clock Running CONDITIONS MIN TYP 28 2.75 1 MAX 34 UNITS mW s ms 6 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Electrical Specifications All specifications apply under the following conditions unless otherwise noted: AVDD = 1.8V, OVDD = 1.8V, TA = -40C to +85C (typical specifications at +25C), AIN = -1dBFS, FIN = 105MHz, fSAMPLE = 500MSPS, after completion of I2E calibration. (Continued) ISLA110P50 (Note 6) PARAMETER I2E Specifications Offset mismatch-induced spurious power I2E Settling Times Minimum Duration of Valid Analog Input (Note 13) Largest Interleave Spur I2Epost_t tTE No I2E Calibration performed Active Run state enabled Calibration settling time for Active Run state Allow one I2E iteration of Offset, Gain and Phase correction fIN = 10MHz to 240MHz, Active Run State enabled, in Track Mode fIN = 10MHz to 240MHz, Active Run State enabled and previously settled, in Hold Mode fIN = 260MHz to 490MHz, Active Run State enabled, in Track Mode fIN = 260MHz to 490MHz, Active Run State enabled and previously settled, in Hold Mode Total Interleave Spurious Power Active Run State enabled, in Track Mode, fIN is a broadband signal in the 1st Nyquist zone Active Run State enabled, in Track Mode, fIN is a broadband signal in the 2nd Nyquist zone Sample Time Mismatch Between Unit A/Ds Gain Mismatch Between Unit A/Ds Offset Mismatch Between Unit A/Ds NOTES: 6. Unless otherwise noted, parameters with Min and/or MAX limits are 100% production tested at their worst case temperature extreme ( +85C). 7. Digital Supply Current is dependent upon the capacitive loading of the digital outputs. IOVDD specifications apply for 10pF load on each digital output. 8. See "Nap/Sleep" for more detail. 9. AC Specifications apply after internal calibration of the A/D is invoked at the given sample rate and temperature. Refer to "Power-On Calibration" and "User Initiated Reset" for more detail. 10. The DLL Range setting must be changed for low speed operation. 11. The offset mismatch-induced spur energy, which occurs at fSAMPLE/2, is not included in any specification unless otherwise noted. 12. This specification only applies when I2E is in Active Run state, and in Track Mode. 13. Limits are specified over the full operating temperature and voltage range and are established by characterization and not production tested. Active Run State enabled, in Track Mode -94 -82 -70 -81 1000 500 dBFS dBFS ms s dBc dBc SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS -89 -79 dBc dBc -90 dBc -85 dBc 30 0.01 1 fs % mV 7 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Digital Specifications PARAMETER CMOS INPUTS Input Current High (SDIO,RESETN,CSB,SCLK) Input Current Low (SDIO,RESETN,CSB,SCLK) Input Voltage High (SDIO,RESETN,CSB,SCLK) Input Voltage Low (SDIO,RESETN,CSB,SCLK) Input Current High (OUTMODE, NAPSLP, OUTFMT) (Note 14) Input Current Low (OUTMODE, NAPSLP, OUTFMT) Input Capacitance Input Common Mode Range Input Differential Swing (peak to peak, single ended) Input Pull-up and Pull-down Resistance LVDS OUTPUTS Differential Output Voltage (Note 15) Output Offset Voltage Output Rise Time Output Fall Time CMOS OUTPUTS Voltage Output High Voltage Output Low Output Rise Time Output Fall Time VOH VOL tR tF IOH = -500A IOL = 1mA OVDD - 0.3 OVDD - 0.1 0.1 2 2 0.3 V V ns ns VT VOS_LVDS tR tF 3mA Mode 3mA Mode 950 620 965 625 625 980 mVP-P mV ps ps IIH IIL VIH VIL IIH 15 25 VIN = 1.8V VIN = 0V 0 -25 1.17 0.63 40 1 -12 10 -5 A A V V A SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS IIL -40 25 -15 A CDI VICM VID RIpu 825 250 3 1575 450 1 pF mV mV M LVDS INPUTS (ClkdivrstP, ClkdivrstN) Timing Diagrams SAMPLE N INP INP SAMPLE N INN tA CLKN CLKP tCPD CLKOUTN CLKOUTP tDC D[9:0]P D[9:0]N tPD DATA N-L DATA N-L+1 DATA N-L+2 DATA N INN tA CLKN CLKP LATENCY= L CYCLES CLKOUTN CLKOUTP tCPD LATENCY= L CYCLES tDC D[9:0]P D[9:0]N tPD DATA N-L DATA N-L+1 DATA N-L+2 DATA N FIGURE 2. LVDS TIMING DIAGRAM FIGURE 3. CMOS TIMING DIAGRAM 8 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Switching Specifications PARAMETER A/D OUTPUT Aperture Delay RMS Aperture Jitter Input Clock to Output Clock Propagation Delay AVDD, OVDD = 1.8V, TA = +25C AVDD, OVDD = 1.7V to 1.9V, TA = -40C to +85C Relative Input Clock to Output Clock Propagation Delay Matching (Note 16) Input Clock to Data Propagation Delay, LVDS Mode Output Clock to Data Propagation Delay (Note 13) Synchronous Clock Divider Reset Setup Time (with respect to the positive edge of CLKP) Synchronous Clock Divider Reset Hold Time (with respect to the positive edge of CLKP) Synchronous Clock Divider Reset Recovery Time Latency (Pipeline Delay) (Note 17) Overvoltage Recovery SPI INTERFACE (Notes 18, 19) SCLK Period Write Operation Read Operation CSB to SCLK Setup Time CSB after SCLK Hold Time Data Valid to SCLK Setup Time Data Valid after SCLK Hold Time Data Valid after SCLK Time Data Invalid after SCLK Time Sleep Mode CSB to SCLK Setup Time (Note 20) NOTES: 14. The Tri-Level Inputs internal switching thresholds are approximately 0.43V and 1.34V. It is advised to float the inputs, tie to ground or AVDD depending on desired function. 15. The voltage is expressed in peak-to-peak differential swing. The peak-to-peak singled-ended swing is 1/2 of the differential swing. 16. The relative propagation delay is the timing of the output clock of any A/D with respect to the nominal timing of any other A/D, given that all devices are clocked at the same time and are matched in temperature and voltage. It is specified over the full operating temperature and voltage range, and is established by characterizaton and not production tested. 17. The pipeline latency of this converter is fixed. 18. SPI Interface timing is directly proportional to the A/D sample period (tSAMPLE). 19. The SPI may operate asynchronously with respect to the A/D sample clock. 20. The CSB setup time increases in sleep mode due to the reduced power state, CSB setup time in Nap mode is equal to normal mode CSB setup time (4ns min). Read or Write Read or Write Write Write Read Read Read or Write in Sleep Mode t CLK CONDITION SYMBOL tA jA tCPD tCPD dtCPD MIN TYP 375 90 MAX UNITS ps fs 2.6 2.0 -450 2.9 2.6 3.3 3.6 450 ns ns ps AVDD, OVDD = 1.7V to 1.9V, TA = -40C to +85C tPD LVDS or CMOS Mode tDC tRSTS 1.74 -250 300 2.6 0 75 3.83 250 ns ps ps tRSTH 450 150 ps DLL recovery time after Synchronous Reset tRSTRT L tOVR 32 132 2 11 2 8 17 1 52 s cycles cycles cycles (Note 18) cycles cycles cycles cycles cycles tCLK tS tH tDSW tDHW tDVR tDHR tS 33 6 150 cycles cycles s 9 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Typical Performance Curves All Typical Performance Characteristics apply under the following conditions unless otherwise noted: AVDD = OVDD = 1.8V, TA = +25C, AIN = -1dBFS, fIN = 105MHz, fSAMPLE = 500MSPS. 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 0M HARMONIC MAGNITUDE (dBc) SNR (dBFS) AND SFDR (dBc) -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 0M 200M 400M 600M 800M 1G HD2 HD3 SFDR SNR 200M 400M 600M 800M 1G INPUT FREQUENCY (Hz) INPUT FREQUENCY (Hz) FIGURE 4. SNR AND SFDR vs fIN FIGURE 5. HD2 AND HD3 vs fIN 100 90 80 SNR AND SFDR SNR AND SFDR 70 60 50 40 30 20 -45 -40 -35 -30 -25 SNR (dBc) SFDR (dBc) SNR (dBFS) SFDR (dBFS) -40 HD2 (dBc) -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -45 HD3 (dBFS) -40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 HD3 (dBc) HD2 (dBFS) -20 -15 -10 -5 0 INPUT AMPLITUDE (dBFS) INPUT AMPLITUDE (dBFS) FIGURE 6. SNR AND SFDR vs AIN FIGURE 7. HD2 AND HD3 vs AIN 95 SNR (dBFS) AND SFDR (dBc) 90 85 80 dBc 75 70 65 60 55 50 250 300 350 400 450 500 SNR SFDR 100 HD2 90 80 70 60 50 40 250 HD3 300 350 400 450 500 SAMPLE RATE (MSPS) SAMPLE RATE (MSPS) FIGURE 8. SNR AND SFDR vs fSAMPLE FIGURE 9. HD2 AND HD3 vs fSAMPLE 10 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Typical Performance Curves All Typical Performance Characteristics apply under the following conditions unless otherwise noted: AVDD = OVDD = 1.8V, TA = +25C, AIN = -1dBFS, fIN = 105MHz, fSAMPLE = 500MSPS. (Continued) 550 TOTAL POWER (mW) 500 DNL (LSBs) 450 400 350 300 250M 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 300M 350M 400M 450M 500M -0.20 0 200 400 CODE 600 800 1k SAMPLE RATE (Hz) FIGURE 10. POWER vs fSAMPLE IN 3mA LVDS MODE FIGURE 11. DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY 0.20 SNRFS (dBFS) AND SFDR (dBc) 0.15 0.10 INL (LSBs) 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 -0.2 0 200 400 CODE 600 800 1k 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 SFDR SNR 50 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 VCM (mV) FIGURE 12. INTEGRAL NONLINEARITY FIGURE 13. SNR AND SFDR vs VCM 12M 10M NUMBER OF HITS 8M 6M 4M 2M 0M 0 512 1855 513 514 CODE 42244 515 0 516 9961133 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) -10 -30 -50 -70 -90 -110 0M AIN = -1.0dBFS SNR = 60.69 dBFS SFDR = 84.47 dBc SINAD = 60.67 dBFS 50M 100M 150M 200M 250M FREQUENCY (Hz) FIGURE 14. NOISE HISTOGRAM FIGURE 15. SINGLE-TONE SPECTRUM @ 105MHz 11 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Typical Performance Curves All Typical Performance Characteristics apply under the following conditions unless otherwise noted: AVDD = OVDD = 1.8V, TA = +25C, AIN = -1dBFS, fIN = 105MHz, fSAMPLE = 500MSPS. (Continued) -10 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) -30 -50 -70 -90 50M 100M 150M 200M 250M AIN = -1.0dBFS SNR = 60.67 dBFS SFDR = 82.04 dBc SINAD = 60.62 dBFS -10 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) -30 -50 -70 -90 50M 100M 150M 200M 250M AIN = -1.0dBFS SNR = 60.34 dBFS SFDR = 70.55 dBc SINAD = 59.97 dBFS -110 0M -110 0M FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) FIGURE 16. SINGLE-TONE SPECTRUM @ 190MHz FIGURE 17. SINGLE-TONE SPECTRUM @ 495MHz 0 -10 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) -30 -50 -70 -90 AIN = -1.0dBFS SNR = 59.13 dBFS SFDR = 49.20 dBc SINAD = 48.43 dBFS -20 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) -40 -60 -80 IMD = 88.4dBc -100 -120 0M -110 0M 50M 100M 150M 200M 250M 50M 100M 150M 200M 250M FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) FIGURE 18. SINGLE-TONE SPECTRUM @ 995MHz FIGURE 19. TWO-TONE SPECTRUM @ 70MHz (1MHz SPACING) 0 -20 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) -40 -60 -80 90 SNRFS (dBFS) AND SFDR (dBc) IMD = 90.4dBc 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 0M 50M 100M 150M 200M 250M SNR SFDR -100 -120 0M 50M 100M 150M 200M 250M FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) FIGURE 20. TWO-TONE SPECTRUM @ 170MHz (1MHz SPACING) FIGURE 21. INPUT FREQUENCY SWEEP WITH I2E FROZEN, I2E PREVIOUSLY CALIBRATED @ 105MHz 12 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Typical Performance Curves All Typical Performance Characteristics apply under the following conditions unless otherwise noted: AVDD = OVDD = 1.8V, TA = +25C, AIN = -1dBFS, fIN = 105MHz, fSAMPLE = 500MSPS. (Continued) SNRFS (dBFS) AND SFDR (dBc) SNRFS (dBFS) AND SFDR (dBc) 80 SFDR 75 70 65 60 55 250M 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 -40 -20 0 20 SNR SFDR SNR 300M 350M 400M 450M 500M 40 60 80 FREQUENCY (Hz) TEMPERATURE (C) FIGURE 22. INPUT FREQUENCY SWEEP WITH I2E FROZEN, I2E PREVIOUSLY CALIBRATED @ 330MHz FIGURE 23. TEMPERATURE SWEEP WITH I2E FROZEN, I2E PREVIOUSLY CALIBRATED SNRFS (dBFS) AND SFDR (dBc) 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 1.65 1.70 1.75 SNR 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 SFDR SUPPLY VOLTAGE (AVDD) FIGURE 24. ANALOG SUPPLY VOLTAGE SWEEP WITH I2E FROZEN, I2E PREVIOUSLY CALIBRATED 13 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Theory of Operation Functional Description The ISLA110P50 is based upon a 12-bit, 250MSPS A/D converter core that utilizes a pipelined successive approximation architecture (Figure 25). The input voltage is captured by a Sample-Hold Amplifier (SHA) and converted to a unit of charge. Proprietary charge-domain techniques are used to successively compare the input to a series of reference charges. Decisions made during the successive approximation operations determine the digital code for each input value. The converter pipeline requires twelve samples to produce a result. Digital error correction is also applied, resulting in a total latency of 17 clock cycles. This is evident to the user as a latency between the start of a conversion and the data being available on the digital outputs. The device contains two core A/D converters with carefully matched transfer characteristics. The cores are clocked on alternate clock edges, resulting in a doubling of the sample rate. Time-interleaved A/D systems can exhibit non-ideal artifacts in the frequency domain if the individual core A/D characteristics are not well matched. Gain, offset and timing skew mismatches are of primary concern. The Intersil Interleave Engine (I2E) performs automatic interleave calibration for the offset, gain, and sample time skew mismatch between the core A/Ds. The I2E circuitry also adjusts in real-time for temperature and voltage variations. Residual gain and sample time skew mismatch result in fundamental image spurs at fNYQUIST fIN. Offset mismatches create spurs at DC and multiples of fNYQUIST. Power-On Calibration As mentioned previously, the cores perform a self-calibration at start-up. An internal power-on-reset (POR) circuit detects the supply voltage ramps and initiates the calibration when the analog and digital supply voltages are above a threshold. The following conditions must be adhered to for the power-on calibration to execute successfully: * A frequency-stable conversion clock must be applied to the CLKP/CLKN pins * DNC pins must not be connected * SDO (pin 66) must be high * RESETN (pin 25) must begin low * SPI communications must not be attempted A user-initiated reset can subsequently be invoked in the event that the above conditions cannot be met at power-up. Pins 3, 4, and SDO require an external 4.7k pull-up to OVDD. If these pins are pulled low externally during power-up, calibration will not be executed properly. After the power supply has stabilized the internal POR releases RESETN and an internal pull-up pulls it high, which starts the calibration sequence. If a subsequent user-initiated reset is desired, the RESETN pin should be connected to an open-drain driver with a drive strength in its high impedance state of less than 0.5mA. The calibration sequence is initiated on the rising edge of RESETN, as shown in Figure 26. The over-range output CLOCK GENERATION INP SHA INN 2.5-BIT FLASH 6-STAGE 1.5-BIT/STAGE 3-STAGE 1-BIT/STAGE 3-BIT FLASH 1.25V + - DIGITAL ERROR CORRECTION LVDS/LVCMOS OUTPUTS FIGURE 25. A/D CORE BLOCK DIAGRAM 14 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 (OR) is set high once RESETN is pulled low, and remains in that state until calibration is complete. The OR output returns to normal operation at that time, so it is important that the analog input be within the converter's full-scale range to observe the transition. If the input is in an over-range condition the OR pin will stay high, and it will not be possible to detect the end of the calibration cycle. While RESETN is low, the output clock (CLKOUTP/CLKOUTN) is set low. Normal operation of the output clock resumes at the next input clock edge (CLKP/CLKN) after RESETN is deasserted. At 500MSPS the nominal calibration time is 200ms, while the maximum calibration time is 550ms. CLKN CLKP CALIBRATION TIME RESETN CALIBRATION BEGINS ORP CALIBRATION COMPLETE CLKOUTP the variation of SNR/SFDR across temperature after a single power on calibration at -40C, +25C and +85C. Best performance is typically achieved by a user-initiated power on calibration at the operating conditions, as stated earlier. However, it can be seen that performance drift with temperature is not a very strong function of the temperature at which the power on calibration is performed. To achieve the performance demonstrated in the SFDR plot, I2E must be in Track mode. 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -40 -15 CAL DONE AT -40C 10 35 CAL DONE AT +25C 60 85 CAL DONE AT +85C SNR CHANGE (dBfs) TEMPERATURE (C) FIGURE 27. SNR PERFORMANCE vs TEMPERATURE AFTER +25C CALIBRATION 15 SFDR CHANGE (dBc) FIGURE 26. CALIBRATION TIMING User Initiated Reset Recalibration of the A/D can be initiated at any time by driving the RESETN pin low for a minimum of one clock cycle. An open-drain driver with a drive strength in its high impedance state of less than 0.5mA is recommended, as RESETN has an internal high impedance pull-up to OVDD. As is the case during power-on reset, the SDO, RESETN and DNC pins must be in the proper state for the calibration to successfully execute. The performance of the ISLA110P50 changes with variations in temperature, supply voltage or sample rate. The extent of these changes may necessitate recalibration, depending on system performance requirements. Best performance will be achieved by recalibrating the A/D under the environmental conditions at which it will operate. A supply voltage variation of less than 100mV will generally result in an SNR change of less than 0.5dBFS and SFDR change of less than 3dBc. In situations where the sample rate is not constant, best results will be obtained if the device is calibrated at the highest sample rate. Reducing the sample rate by less than 80MSPS will typically result in an SNR change of less than 0.5dBFS and an SFDR change of less than 3dBc. Figures 27 and 28 show the effect of temperature on SNR and SFDR performance with power on calibration performed at -40C, +25C, and +85C. Each plot shows 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -40 CAL DONE AT -40C CAL DONE AT +85C -15 CAL DONE AT +25C 60 85 10 35 TEMPERATURE (C) FIGURE 28. SFDR PERFORMANCE vs TEMPERATURE AFTER +25C CALIBRATION Analog Input A single fully differential input (VINP/VINN) connects to the sample and hold amplifier (SHA) of each unit A/D. The ideal full-scale input voltage is 1.45V, centered at the VCM voltage of 0.535V as shown in Figure 29. 1.8 1.4 1.0 0.6 0.2 0.725V INP VCM 0.535V INN FIGURE 29. ANALOG INPUT RANGE 15 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Best performance is obtained when the analog inputs are driven differentially. The common-mode output voltage, VCM, should be used to properly bias the inputs as shown in Figures 30 through 32. An RF transformer will give the best noise and distortion performance for wideband and/or high intermediate frequency (IF) inputs. Two different transformer input schemes are shown in Figures 30 and 31. ADT1-1WT ADT1-1WT A differential amplifier, as shown in Figure 32, can be used in applications that require DC-coupling. In this configuration, the amplifier will typically dominate the achievable SNR and distortion performance. Clock Input The clock input circuit is a differential pair (see Figure 47). Driving these inputs with a high level (up to 1.8VP-P on each input) sine or square wave will provide the lowest jitter performance. A transformer with 4:1 impedance ratio will provide increased drive levels. The clock input is functional with AC-coupled LVDS, LVPECL, and CML drive levels. To maintain the lowest possible aperture jitter, it is recommended to have high slew rate at the zero crossing of the differential clock input signal. The recommended drive circuit is shown in Figure 33. A duty range of 40% to 60% is acceptable. The clock can be driven single-ended, but this will reduce the edge rate and may impact SNR performance. The clock inputs are internally self-biased to AVDD/2 to facilitate AC coupling. 1kO 1kO 1000pF A/D VCM 0.1F FIGURE 30. TRANSFORMER INPUT FOR GENERAL PURPOSE APPLICATIONS ADTL1-12 1000pF 1000pF ADTL1-12 AVDD 0.1F A/D VCM 200pF TC4-1W 200pF 1000pF CLKP 200O FIGURE 31. TRANSMISSION-LINE TRANSFORMER INPUT FOR HIGH IF APPLICATIONS CLKN 200pF This dual transformer scheme is used to improve common-mode rejection, which keeps the common-mode level of the input matched to VCM. The value of the shunt resistor should be determined based on the desired load impedance. The differential input resistance of the ISLA110P50 is 500. The SHA design uses a switched capacitor input stage (see Figure 46), which creates current spikes when the sampling capacitance is reconnected to the input voltage. This causes a disturbance at the input which must settle before the next sampling point. Lower source impedance will result in faster settling and improved performance. Therefore a 1:1 transformer and low shunt resistance are recommended for optimal performance. 348O 69.8O 100O CM 0.22F FIGURE 33. RECOMMENDED CLOCK DRIVE Jitter In a sampled data system, clock jitter directly impacts the achievable SNR performance. The theoretical relationship between clock jitter (tJ) and SNR is shown in Equation 1 and is illustrated in Figure 34. 1 SNR = 20 log 10 ------------------- 2f t IN J 100 95 90 SNR (dB) 85 80 75 70 65 tj = 10ps tj = 100ps 1M 10M 100M INPUT FREQUENCY (Hz) 1G 10 BITS 60 55 50 tj = 1ps tj = 0.1ps 14 BITS (EQ. 1) 12 BITS 25O 217O A/D VCM 100O 69.8O 348O 25O 0.1F 49.9O FIGURE 34. SNR vs CLOCK JITTER FIGURE 32. DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER INPUT This relationship shows the SNR that would be achieved if clock jitter were the only non-ideal factor. In reality, achievable SNR is limited by internal factors such as 16 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 linearity, aperture jitter and thermal noise. Internal aperture jitter is the uncertainty in the sampling instant shown in Figure 2. The internal aperture jitter combines with the input clock jitter in a root-sum-square fashion, since they are not statistically correlated, and this determines the total jitter in the system. The total jitter, combined with other noise sources, then determines the achievable SNR. dissipation is linearly related to the sample rate. The output supply dissipation changes to a lesser degree in LVDS mode, but is more strongly related to the clock frequency in CMOS mode. Nap/Sleep Portions of the device may be shut down to save power during times when operation of the A/D is not required. Two power saving modes are available: Nap, and Sleep. Nap mode reduces power dissipation to less than 164mW and recovers to normal operation in approximately 2.75s. Sleep mode reduces power dissipation to less than 6mW but requires approximately 1ms to recover from a sleep command. Wake-up time from sleep mode is dependent on the state of CSB; in a typical application CSB would be held high during sleep, requiring a user to wait 150s max after CSB is asserted (brought low) prior to writing `001x' to SPI Register 25. The device would be fully powered up, in normal mode 1ms after this command is written. Wake-up from Sleep Mode Sequence (CSB high) * Pull CSB Low * Wait 150s * Write `001x' to Register 25 * Wait 1ms until A/D fully powered on In an application where CSB was kept low in sleep mode, the 150s CSB setup time is not required as the SPI registers are powered on when CSB is low, the chip power dissipation increases by ~ 15mW in this case. The 1ms wake-up time after the write of a `001x' to register 25 still applies. It is generally recommended to keep CSB high in sleep mode to avoid any unintentional SPI activity on the A/D. All digital outputs (Data, CLKOUT and OR) are placed in a high impedance state during Nap or Sleep. The input clock should remain running and at a fixed frequency during Nap or Sleep, and CSB should be high. Recovery time from Nap mode will increase if the clock is stopped, since the internal DLL can take up to 52s to regain lock at 250MSPS. By default after the device is powered on, the operational state is controlled by the NAPSLP pin as shown in Table 2. TABLE 2. NAPSLP PIN SETTINGS NAPSLP PIN AVSS Float AVDD MODE Normal Sleep Nap Voltage Reference A temperature compensated voltage reference provides the reference charges used in the successive approximation operations. The full-scale range of each A/D is proportional to the reference voltage. The nominal value of the voltage reference is 1.25V. Digital Outputs Output data is available as a parallel bus in LVDS-compatible or CMOS modes. In either case, the data is presented in double data rate (DDR) format. Figures 2 and 3 show the timing relationships for LVDS and CMOS modes, respectively. Additionally, the drive current for LVDS mode can be set to a nominal 3mA or a power-saving 2mA. The lower current setting can be used in designs where the receiver is in close physical proximity to the A/D. The applicability of this setting is dependent upon the PCB layout, therefore the user should experiment to determine if performance degradation is observed. The output mode and LVDS drive current are selected via the OUTMODE pin as shown in Table 1. TABLE 1. OUTMODE PIN SETTINGS OUTMODE PIN AVSS Float AVDD MODE LVCMOS LVDS, 3mA LVDS, 2mA The output mode can also be controlled through the SPI port, which overrides the OUTMODE pin setting. Details on this are contained in "Serial Peripheral Interface" on page 22. An external resistor creates the bias for the LVDS drivers. A 10k, 1% resistor must be connected from the RLVDS pin to OVSS. Over Range Indicator The over range (OR) bit is asserted when the output code reaches positive full-scale (e.g. 0xFFF in offset binary mode). The output code does not wrap around during an over-range condition. The OR bit is updated at the sample rate. Power Dissipation The power dissipated by the ISLA110P50 is primarily dependent on the sample rate and the output modes: LVDS vs. CMOS and DDR vs. SDR. There is a static bias in the analog supply, while the remaining power 17 The power-down mode can also be controlled through the SPI port, which overrides the NAPSLP pin setting. Details on this are contained in "Serial Peripheral Interface" on page 22. This is an indexed function when controlled from the SPI, but a global function when driven from the pin. FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Data Format Output data can be presented in three formats: two's complement, Gray code and offset binary. The data format is selected via the OUTFMT pin as shown in Table 3. TABLE 3. OUTFMT PIN SETTINGS OUTFMT PIN AVSS Float AVDD MODE Offset Binary Two's Complement Gray Code Converting back to offset binary from Gray code must be done recursively, using the result of each bit for the next lower bit as shown in Figure 36. GRAY CODE 11 10 9 **** 1 0 **** The data format can also be controlled through the SPI port, which overrides the OUTFMT pin setting. Details on this are contained in "Serial Peripheral Interface" on page 22. Offset binary coding maps the most negative input voltage to code 0x000 (all zeros) and the most positive input to 0xFFF (all ones). Two's complement coding simply complements the MSB of the offset binary representation. When calculating Gray code the MSB is unchanged. The remaining bits are computed as the XOR of the current bit position and the next most significant bit. Figure 35 shows this operation. BINARY 11 10 9 **** BINARY 11 10 9 **** 1 0 FIGURE 36. GRAY CODE TO BINARY CONVERSION Mapping of the input voltage to the various data formats is shown in Table 4. TABLE 4. INPUT VOLTAGE TO OUTPUT CODE MAPPING **** 1 0 INPUT VOLTAGE -Full Scale OFFSET BINARY TWO'S COMPLEMENT GRAY CODE 000 00 000 00 00 100 00 000 00 00 000 00 000 00 00 000 00 000 00 01 100 00 000 00 01 000 00 000 00 01 **** -Full Scale + 1LSB 1 0 GRAY CODE 11 10 9 **** Mid-Scale 100 00 000 00 00 000 00 000 00 00 110 00 000 00 00 +Full Scale - 1LSB +Full Scale 111 11 111 11 10 011 11 111 11 10 100 00 000 00 01 FIGURE 35. BINARY TO GRAY CODE CONVERSION 111 11 111 11 11 011 11 111 111 1 100 00 000 00 00 18 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 I2E Requirements and Restrictions Overview I2E is a blind and background capable algorithm, designed to transparently eliminate interleaving artifacts. This circuitry eliminates interleave artifacts due to offset, gain, and sample time mismatches between unit A/Ds, and across supply voltage and temperature variations in real-time. Differences in the offset, gain, and sample times of time-interleaved A/Ds create artifacts in the digital outputs. Each of these artifacts creates a unique signature that may be detectable in the captured samples. The I2E algorithm optimizes performance by detecting error signatures and adjusting each unit A/D using minimal additional power. The I2E algorithm can be put in Active Run state via SPI. When the I2E algorithm is in Active Run state, it detects and corrects for offset, gain, and sample time mismatches in real time (see Track Mode description). However, certain analog input characteristics can obscure the estimation of these mismatches. The I2E algorithm is capable of detecting these obscuring analog input characteristics, and as long as they are present I2E will stop updating the correction in real time. Effectively, this freezes the current correction circuitry to the last known-good state (see Hold Mode description). Once the analog input signal stops obscuring the interleaved artifacts, the I2E algorithm will automatically start correcting for mismatch in real time again. The algorithm must be in Track Mode for approximately one second (defined as I2Epost_t in the specification table on page 7) after power-up before the specifications apply. Once this requirement has been met, the specifications of the device will continue to be met while I2E remains in Track Mode, even in the presence of temperature and supply voltage changes. Hold Mode refers to the state of the I2E algorithm when the analog input signal does not meet the requirements specified above. If the algorithm detects that the signal no longer meets the criteria, it automatically enters Hold Mode. In Hold Mode, the I2E circuitry freezes the adjustment values based on the most recent set of valid input conditions. However, in Hold Mode, the I2E circuitry will not correct for new changes in interleave artifacts induced by supply voltage and temperature changes. The I2E circuitry will remain in Hold Mode until such time as the analog input signal meets the requirements for Track Mode. Power Meter The power meter calculates the average power of the analog input, and determines if it's within range to allow operation in Track Mode. Both AC RMS and total RMS power are calculated, and there are separate SPI programmable thresholds and hysteresis values for each. FS/4 Filter A digital filter removes the signal energy in a 100kHz band around fS/4 before the I2E circuitry uses these samples for estimating offset, gain, and sample time mismatches (data samples produced by the A/D are unaffected by this filtering). This allows the I2E algorithm to continue in Active Run state while in the presence of a large amount of input energy near the fS/4 frequency. This filter can be powered down if it's known that the signal characteristics won't violate the restrictions. Powering down the FS/4 filter will reduce power consumption by approximately 70mW. Active Run State During the Active Run state the I2E algorithm actively suppresses artifacts due to interleaving based on statistics in the digitized data. I2E has two modes of operation in this state (described below), dynamically chosen in real-time by the algorithm based on the statistics of the analog input signal. Track Mode refers to the default state of the algorithm, when all artifacts due to interleaving are actively being eliminated. To be in Track Mode the analog input signal to the device must adhere to the following requirements: * Posses total power greater than -20dBFS, integrated from 1MHz to Nyquist but excluding signal energy in a 100kHz band centered at fS/4 The criteria above assumes 500MSPS operation; the frequency bands should be scaled proportionally for lower sample rates. Note that the effect of excluding energy in the 100kHz band around of fS/4 exists in every Nyquist zone. This band generalizes to the form (N*fS/4-50kHz) to (N*fS/4+50kHz), where N is any odd integer. An input signal that violates these criteria briefly (approximately 10s), before and after which it meets this criteria, will not impact system performance. Nyquist Zones The I2E circuitry allows the use of any one Nyquist zone without configuration, but requires the use of only one Nyquist zone. Inputs that switch dynamically between Nyquist zones will cause poor performance for the I2E circuitry. For example, I2E will function properly for a particular application that has fS = 500MSPS and uses the 1st Nyquist zone (0MHz to 250MHz). I2E will also function properly for an application that uses fS = 500MSPS and the 2nd Nyquist zone (250MHz to 500MHz). I2E will not function properly for an application that uses fS = 500MSPS, and input frequency bands from 150MHz to 210MHz and 250MHz to 290MHz simultaneously. There is no need to configure the I2E algorithm to use a particular Nyquist zone, but no dynamic switching between Nyquist zones is permitted while I2E is running. 19 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Configurability and Communication I2E can respond to status queries, be turned on and turned off, and generally configured via SPI programmable registers. Configuring of I2E is generally unnecessary unless the application cannot meet the requirements of Track Mode on or after power up. Parameters that can be adjusted and read back include FS/4 filter threshold and status, Power Meter threshold and status, and initial values for the offset, gain, and sample time values to use when I2E starts. Clock Divider Synchronous Reset An output clock (CLKOUTP, CLKOUTN) is provided to facilitate latching of the sampled data. This clock is at half the frequency of the sample clock, and the absolute phase of the output clocks for multiple A/Ds is indeterminate. This feature allows the phase of multiple A/Ds to be synchronized (refer to Figure 37), which greatly simplifies data capture in systems employing multiple A/Ds. The reset signal must be well-timed with respect to the sample clock (See "Switching Specifications" on page 9). Sample Clock Input s1 Analog Input s2 L+td1 tRSTH CLKDIVRSTP 2 tRSTS tRSTRT ADC1 Output Data ADC1 CLKOUTP ADC2 Output Data ADC2 CLKOUTP (phase 1) 3 ADC2 CLKOUTP (phase 2) 3 s0 s1 s2 s3 s0 s1 s2 s3 1 2 Delay equals fixed pipeline latency (L cycles) plus fixed analog propagation delay td CLKDIVRSTP setup and hold times are with respect to input sample clock rising edge. CLKDIVRSTN is not shown, but must be driven, and is the compliment of CLKDIVRSTP Either Output Clock Phase (phase 1 or phase 2 ) equally likely prior to synchronization FIGURE 37. SYNCHRONOUS RESET OPERATION 3 20 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 CSB SCLK SDIO R/W W1 W0 A12 A11 A10 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 FIGURE 38. MSB-FIRST ADDRESSING CSB SCLK SDIO A0 A1 A2 A11 A12 W0 W1 R/W D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 FIGURE 39. LSB-FIRST ADDRESSING tDSW CSB tS tDHW tHI tLO tCLK tH SCLK SDIO R/W W1 W0 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 A7 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 SPI WRITE FIGURE 40. SPI WRITE tDSW CSB tS tDHW tHI tLO tCLK tDVR tH tDHR SCLK SDIO R/W SDO W1 W0 WRITING A READ COMMAND A12 A11 A10 A9 A2 A1 A0 READING DATA (3 WIRE MODE) D7 D6 D3 D2 D1 D0 (4 WIRE MODE) D7 SPI READ D3 D2 D1 D0 FIGURE 41. SPI READ 21 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 CSB STALLING CSB SCLK SDIO INSTRUCTION/ADDRESS DATA WORD 1 DATA WORD 2 FIGURE 42. 2-BYTE TRANSFER CSB LAST LEGAL CSB STALLING SCLK SDIO INSTRUCTION/ADDRESS DATA WORD 1 DATA WORD N FIGURE 43. N-BYTE TRANSFER Serial Peripheral Interface A serial peripheral interface (SPI) bus is used to facilitate configuration of the device and to optimize performance. The SPI bus consists of chip select (CSB), serial clock (SCLK) serial data output (SDO), and serial data input/output (SDIO). The maximum SCLK rate is equal to the A/D sample rate (fSAMPLE) divided by 32 for write operations and fSAMPLE divided by 132 for reads. At fSAMPLE = 250MHz, maximum SCLK is 15.63MHz for writing and 3.79MHz for read operations. There is no minimum SCLK rate. The following sections describe various registers that are used to configure the SPI or adjust performance or functional parameters. Many registers in the available address space (0x00 to 0xFF) are not defined in this document. Additionally, within a defined register there may be certain bits or bit combinations that are reserved. Undefined registers and undefined values within defined registers are reserved and should not be selected. Setting any reserved register or value may produce indeterminate results. The chip-select bar (CSB) pin determines when a slave device is being addressed. Multiple slave devices can be written to concurrently, but only one slave device can be read from at a given time (again, only in three-wire mode). If multiple slave devices are selected for reading at the same time, the results will be indeterminate. The communication protocol begins with an instruction/address phase. The first rising SCLK edge following a high to low transition on CSB determines the beginning of the two-byte instruction/address command; SCLK must be static low before the CSB transition. Data can be presented in MSB-first order or LSB-first order. The default is MSB-first, but this can be changed by setting 0x00[6] high. Figures 38 and 39 show the appropriate bit ordering for the MSB-first and LSB-first modes, respectively. In MSB-first mode, the address is incremented for multi-byte transfers, while in LSB-first mode it's decremented. In the default mode, the MSB is R/W, which determines if the data is to be read (active high) or written. The next two bits, W1 and W0, determine the number of data bytes to be read or written (see Table 5). The lower 13 bits contain the first address for the data transfer. This relationship is illustrated in Figure 40, and timing values are given in "Switching Specifications" on page 9. After the instruction/address bytes have been read, the appropriate number of data bytes are written to or read from the A/D (based on the R/W bit status). The data transfer will continue as long as CSB remains low and SCLK is active. Stalling of the CSB pin is allowed at any byte boundary (instruction/address or data) if the number of bytes being transferred is three or less. For transfers of four bytes or more, CSB is allowed to stall in the middle of the instruction/address bytes or before the first data byte. If CSB transitions to a high state after SPI Physical Interface The serial clock pin (SCLK) provides synchronization for the data transfer. By default, all data is presented on the serial data input/output (SDIO) pin in three-wire mode. The state of the SDIO pin is set automatically in the communication protocol (described in the following). A dedicated serial data output pin (SDO) can be activated by setting 0x00[7] high to allow operation in four-wire mode. The SPI port operates in a half duplex master/slave configuration, with the ISLA110P50 functioning as a slave. Multiple slave devices can interface to a single master in three-wire mode only, since the SDO output of an unaddressed device is asserted in four wire mode. 22 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 that point the state machine will reset and terminate the data transfer. TABLE 5. BYTE TRANSFER SELECTION [W1:W0] 00 01 10 11 BYTES TRANSFERRED 1 2 3 4 or more Indexed Device Configuration/Control ADDRESS 0X10: DEVICE_INDEX_A Bits 1:0 ADC01, ADC00 Determines which A/D is addressed. Valid states for this register are 0x01 or 0x10. The two A/D cores cannot be adjusted concurrently. A common SPI map, which can accommodate single-channel or multi-channel devices, is used for all Intersil A/D products. Certain configuration commands (identified as Indexed in the SPI map) can be executed on a per-converter basis. This register determines which converter is being addressed for an Indexed command. It is important to note that only a single converter can be addressed at a time. This register defaults to 00h, indicating that no A/D is addressed. Error code `AD' is returned if any indexed register is read from without properly setting device_index_A. ADDRESS 0X20: OFFSET_COARSE ADDRESS 0X21: OFFSET_FINE The input offset of the A/D core can be adjusted in fine and coarse steps. Both adjustments are made via an 8-bit word as detailed in Table 6. The data format is twos complement. The default value of each register will be the result of the self-calibration after initial power-up. If a register is to be incremented or decremented, the user should first read the register value then write the incremented or decremented value back to the same register. TABLE 6. OFFSET ADJUSTMENTS PARAMETER Steps -Full Scale (0x00) Mid-Scale (0x80) 0x20[7:0] COARSE OFFSET 255 -133LSB (-47mV) 0.0LSB (0.0mV) 0x21[7:0] FINE OFFSET 255 -5LSB (-1.75mV) 0.0LSB Figures 42 and 43 illustrate the timing relationships for 2-byte and N-byte transfers, respectively. The operation for a 3-byte transfer can be inferred from these diagrams. SPI Configuration ADDRESS 0X00: CHIP_PORT_CONFIG Bit ordering and SPI reset are controlled by this register. Bit order can be selected as MSB to LSB (MSB first) or LSB to MSB (LSB first) to accommodate various micro controllers. Bit 7 SDO Active Bit 6 LSB First Setting this bit high configures the SPI to interpret serial data as arriving in LSB to MSB order. Bit 5 Soft Reset Setting this bit high resets all SPI registers to default values. Bit 4 Reserved This bit should always be set high. Bits 3:0 These bits should always mirror bits 4:7 to avoid ambiguity in bit ordering. ADDRESS 0X02: BURST_END If a series of sequential registers are to be set, burst mode can improve throughput by eliminating redundant addressing. In 3-wire SPI mode the burst is ended by pulling the CSB pin high. If the device is operated in 2-wire mode the CSB pin is not available. In that case, setting the burst_end address determines the end of the transfer. During a write operation, the user must be cautious to transmit the correct number of bytes based on the starting and ending addresses. Bits 7:0 Burst End Address This register value determines the ending address of the burst data. +Full Scale (0xFF) +133LSB (+47mV) +5LSB (+1.75mV) Nominal Step Size 1.04LSB (0.37mV) 0.04LSB (0.014mV) ADDRESS 0X22: GAIN_COARSE ADDRESS 0X23: GAIN_MEDIUM ADDRESS 0X24: GAIN_FINE Gain of the A/D core can be adjusted in coarse, medium and fine steps. Coarse gain is a 4-bit adjustment while medium and fine are 8-bit. Multiple Coarse Gain Bits can be set for a total adjustment range of 4.2%. (`0011' -4.2% and `1100' +4.2%) It is recommended to use one of the coarse gain settings (-4.2%, -2.8%, -1.4%, 0, 1.4%, 2.8%, 4.2%) and fine-tune the gain using the registers at 23h and 24h. The default value of each register will be the result of the self-calibration after initial power-up. If a register is to be FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 Device Information ADDRESS 0X08: CHIP_ID ADDRESS 0X09: CHIP_VERSION The generic die identifier and a revision number, respectively, can be read from these two registers. 23 ISLA110P50 incremented or decremented, the user should first read the register value then write the incremented or decremented value back to the same register. TABLE 7. COARSE GAIN ADJUSTMENT 0x22[3:0] Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit0 NOMINAL COARSE GAIN ADJUST (%) +2.8 +1.4 -2.8 -1.4 achieves sufficient quality to allow the I2E algorithm to make mismatch estimates again. Bit 0: 0 = I2E has not detected a low power condition. 1 = I2E has detected a low power condition, and the analog adjustments for interleave correction are frozen. Bit 1: 0 = I2E has not detected a low AC power condition. 1 = I2E has detected a low AC power condition, and I2E will continue to correct with best known information but will not update its interleave correction adjustments until the input signal achieves sufficient AC RMS power. Bit 2: When first started, the I2E algorithm can take a significant amount of time to settle (~1s), dependent on the characteristics of the analog input signal. 0 = I2E is still settling, 1 = I2E has completed settling. ADDRESS 0X31: I2E CONTROL The I2E general control register. This register can be written while I2E is running to control various parameters. Bit 0: 0 = turn I2E off, 1= turn I2E on Bit 1: 0 = no action, 1 = freeze I2E, leaving all settings in the current state. Subsequently writing a 0 to this bit will allow I2E to continue from the state it was left in. Bit 2-4: Disable any of the interleave adjustments of offset, gain, or sample time skew Bit 5: 0 = bypass notch filter, 1 = use notch filter on incoming data before estimating interleave mismatch terms ADDRESS 0X32: I2E STATIC CONTROL The I2E general static control register. This register must be written prior to turning I2E on for the settings to take effect. Bit 1-4: Reserved, always set to 0 Bit 5: 0 = normal operation, 1 = skip coarse adjustment of the offset, gain, and sample time skew analog controls when I2E is first turned on. This bit would typically be used if optimal analog adjustment values for offset, gain, and sample time skew have been preloaded in order to have the I2E algorithm converge more quickly. The system gain of the pair of interleaved core A/Ds can be set by programming the medium and fine gain of the reference A/D before turning I2E on. In this case, I2E will adjust the non-reference A/D's gain to match the reference A/D's gain. Bit 7: Reserved, always set to 0 ADDRESS 0X4A: I2E POWER DOWN This register provides the capability to completely power down the I2E algorithm and the Notch filter. This would typically be done to conserve power. BIT 0: Power down the I2E Algorithm BIT 1: Power down the Notch Filter TABLE 8. MEDIUM AND FINE GAIN ADJUSTMENTS PARAMETER Steps -Full Scale (0x00) Mid-Scale (0x80) +Full Scale (0xFF) Nominal Step Size 0x23[7:0] MEDIUM GAIN 256 -2% 0.00% +2% 0.016% 0x24[7:0] FINE GAIN 256 -0.20% 0.00% +0.2% 0.0016% ADDRESS 0X25: MODES Two distinct reduced power modes can be selected. By default, the tri-level NAPSLP pin can select normal operation, nap or sleep modes (refer to"Nap/Sleep" on page 17). This functionality can be overridden and controlled through the SPI. This is an indexed function when controlled from the SPI, but a global function when driven from the pin. This register is not changed by a Soft Reset. TABLE 9. POWER-DOWN CONTROL VALUE 000 001 010 100 0x25[2:0] POWER DOWN MODE Pin Control Normal Operation Nap Mode Sleep Mode ADDRESS 0X30: I2E STATUS The I2E general status register. Bits 0 and 1 indicate if the I2E circuitry is in Active Run or Hold state. The state of the I2E circuitry is dependent on the analog input signal itself. If the input signal obscures the interleave mismatched artifacts such that I2E cannot estimate the mismatch, the algorithm will dynamically enter the Hold state. For example, a DC mid-scale input to the A/D does not contain sufficient information to estimate the gain and sample time skew mismatches, and thus the I2E algorithm will enter the Hold state. In the Hold state, the analog adjustments for interleave correction will be frozen and mismatch estimate calculations will cease until such time as the analog input 24 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 ADDRESS 0X50-0X55: I2E FREEZE THRESHOLDS This group of registers provides programming access to configure I2E's dynamic freeze control. As with any interleave mismatch correction algorithm making estimates of the interleave mismatch errors using the digitized application input signal, there are certain characteristics of the input signal that can obscure the mismatch estimates. For example, a DC input to the A/D contains no information about the sample time skew mismatch between the core A/Ds, and thus should not be used by the I2E algorithm to update its sample time skew estimate. Under such circumstances, I2E enters Hold state. In the Hold state, the analog adjustments will be frozen and mismatch estimate calculations will cease until such time as the analog input achieves sufficient quality to allow the I2E algorithm to make mismatch estimates again. These registers allow the programming of the thresholds of the meters used to determine the quality of the input signal. This can be used by the application to optimize I2E's behavior based on knowledge of the input signal. For example, if a specific application had an input signal that was typically 30dB down from full scale, and was primarily concerned about analog performance of the A/D at this input power, lowering the RMS power threshold would allow I2E to continue tracking with this input power level, thus allowing it to track over voltage and temperature changes. 0x50 (LSBs), 0x51 (MSBs) RMS Power Threshold This 16-bit quantity is the RMS power threshold at which I2E will enter Hold state. The RMS power of the analog input is calculated continuously by I2E on incoming data. A 12-bit number squared produces a 24-bit result (for A/D resolutions under 12-bits, the A/D samples are MSBaligned to 12-bit data). A dynamic number of these 24bit results are averaged to compare with this threshold approximately every 1s to decide whether or not to freeze I2E. The 24-bit threshold is constructed with bits 23 through 20 (MSBs) assigned to 0, bits 19 through 4 assigned to this 16-bit quantity, and bits 3 through 0 (LSBs) assigned to 0. As an example, if the application wanted to set this threshold to trigger near the RMS analog input of a -20dBFS sinusoidal input, the calculation to determine this register's value would be 20 12 2 RMS codes = ------ x 10 x 2 290codes 2 2 - 20 --------- The freezing of I2E by the RMS power meter threshold affects the gain and sample time skew interleave mismatch estimates, but not the offset mismatch estimate. 0x52 RMS Power Hysteresis In order to prevent I2E from constantly oscillating between the Hold and Track state, there is hysteresis in the comparison described above. After I2E enters a frozen state, the RMS input power must achieve threshold value + hysteresis to again enter the Track state. The hysteresis quantity is a 24-bit value, constructed with bits 23 through 12 (MSBs) being assigned to 0, bits 11 through 4 assigned to this register's value, and bits 3 through 0 (LSBs) assigned to 0. AC RMS Power Threshold Similar to RMS power threshold, there must be sufficient AC RMS power (or dV/dt) of the input signal to measure sample time skew mismatch for an arbitrary input. This is clear from observing the effect when a high voltage (and therefore large RMS value) DC input is applied to the A/D input. Without sufficient dV/dt in the input signal, no information about the sample time skew between the core A/Ds can be determined from the digitized samples. The AC RMS Power Meter is implemented as a highpassed (via DSP) RMS power meter. The writing of the AC RMS Power Threshold is different than other SPI registers, and these registers are not listed in the SPI memory map table. The required algorithm is documented below. 1. Write the value 0x80 to the Index Register (SPI address 0x10) 2. Write the MSBs of the 16-bit quantity to SPI Address 0x150 3. Write the LSBs of the 16-bit quantity to SPI Address 0x14F A 12-bit number squared produces a 24-bit result (for A/D resolutions under 12-bits, the A/D samples are MSB-aligned to 12-bit data). A dynamic number of these 24-bit results are averaged to compare with this threshold approximately every 1s to decide whether or not to freeze I2E. The 24-bit threshold is constructed with bits 23 through 20 (MSBs) assigned to 0, bits 19 through 4 assigned to this 16-bit quantity, and bits 3 through 0 (LSBs) assigned to 0. The calculation methodology to set this register is identical to the description in the RMS power threshold description. The freezing of I2E when the AC RMS power meter threshold is not met affects the sample time skew interleave mismatch estimate, but not the offset or gain mismatch estimates. 0x55 AC RMS Power Hysteresis In order to prevent I2E from constantly oscillating between the Hold and Track state, there is hysteresis in the comparison described above. After I2E enters a frozen state, the AC RMS input power must achieve threshold FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 (EQ. 2) hex ( 290 ) = 0x014884 TruncateMSBandLSBhexdigit = 0x1488 (EQ. 3) Therefore, programming 0x1488 into these two registers will cause I2E to freeze when the signal being digitized has less RMS power than a -20dBFS sinusoid. The default value of this register is 0x1000, causing I2E to freeze when the input amplitude is less than -21.2 dBFS. 25 ISLA110P50 value + hysteresis to again enter the Track state. The hysteresis quantity is a 24-bit value, constructed with bits 23 through 12 (MSBs) being assigned to 0, bits 11 through 4 assigned to this register's value, and bits 3 through 0 (LSBs) assigned to 0. ADDRESS 0X60-0X64: I2E INITIALIZATION These registers provide access to the initialization values for each of offset, gain, and sample time skew that I2E programs into the target core A/D before adjusting to minimize interleave mismatch. They can be used by the system to, for example, reduce the convergence time of the I2E algorithm by programming in the optimal values before turning I2E on. In this case, I2E only needs to adjust for temperature and voltage-induced changes since the optimal values were recorded. Global Device Configuration/Control ADDRESS 0X70: SKEW_DIFF The value in the skew_diff register adjusts the timing skew between the two A/D cores. The nominal range and resolution of this adjustment are given in Table 10. The default value of this register after power-up is 80h. TABLE 10. DIFFERENTIAL SKEW ADJUSTMENT PARAMETER Steps -Full Scale (0x00) Mid-Scale (0x80) +Full Scale (0xFF) Nominal Step Size 0x70[7:0] DIFFERENTIAL SKEW 256 -6.5ps 0.0ps +6.5ps 51fs ADDRESS 0X73: OUTPUT_MODE_A The output_mode_A register controls the physical output format of the data, as well as the logical coding. The ISLA110P50 can present output data in two physical formats: LVDS or LVCMOS. Additionally, the drive strength in LVDS mode can be set high (3mA) or low (2mA). By default, the tri-level OUTMODE pin selects the mode and drive level (refer to "Digital Outputs" on page 17). This functionality can be overridden and controlled through the SPI, as shown in Table 11. Data can be coded in three possible formats: two's complement, Gray code or offset binary. By default, the tri-level OUTFMT pin selects the data format (refer to "Data Format" on page 18). This functionality can be overridden and controlled through the SPI, as shown in Table 12. This register is not changed by a Soft Reset. TABLE 11. OUTPUT MODE CONTROL VALUE 000 001 010 100 0x93[7:5] OUTPUT MODE Pin Control LVDS 2mA LVDS 3mA LVCMOS TABLE 12. OUTPUT FORMAT CONTROL VALUE 000 001 010 100 0x93[2:0] OUTPUT FORMAT Pin Control Two's Complement Gray Code Offset Binary ADDRESS 0X71: PHASE_SLIP The output data clock is generated by dividing down the A/D input sample clock. Some systems with multiple A/Ds can more easily latch the data from each A/D by controlling the phase of the output data clock. This control is accomplished through the use of the phase_slip SPI feature, which allows the rising edge of the output data clock to be advanced by one input clock period, as shown in the Figure 44. Execution of a phase_slip command is accomplished by first writing a '0' to bit 0 at address 0x71, followed by writing a '1' to bit 0 at address 0x71. ADC Input Clock (500MHz) 2ns ADDRESS 0X74: OUTPUT_MODE_B ADDRESS 0X75: CONFIG_STATUS Bit 6 DLL Range This bit sets the DLL operating range to fast (default) or slow. Internal clock signals are generated by a delay-locked loop (DLL), which has a finite operating range. Table 13 shows the allowable sample rate ranges for the slow and fast settings. TABLE 13. DLL RANGES DLL RANGE Slow Fast MIN 80 160 MAX 200 500 UNIT MSPS MSPS Output Data Clock (250MHz) No clock_slip Output Data Clock (250MHz) 1 clock_slip Output Data Clock (250MHz) 2 clock_slip 4ns 2ns FIGURE 44. PHASE SLIP The output_mode_B and config_status registers are used in conjunction to enable DDR mode and select the frequency range of the DLL clock generator. The method 26 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 of setting these options is different from the other registers. READ OUTPUT_MODE_B 0x74 READ CONFIG_STATUS 0x75 DESIRED VALUE ADDRESS 0XC2: USER_PATT1_LSB ADDRESS 0XC3: USER_PATT1_MSB These registers define the lower and upper eight bits, respectively, of the first user-defined test word. ADDRESS 0XC4: USER_PATT2_LSB WRITE TO 0x74 ADDRESS 0XC5: USER_PATT2_MSB These registers define the lower and upper eight bits, respectively, of the second user-defined test word. Digital Temperature Sensor This set of registers provides digital access to an IPTAT-based temperature sensor, allowing the system to estimate the temperature of the die. This information is of particular interest for applications that do not keep I2E in Active Run state when in normal use, allowing easy access to information that can be used to decide when to recalibrate the A/D as needed. This set of registers is not included in the SPI memory map table. The most accurate usage of this information requires knowledge of the temperature at which the digital value is first read (time = 0, T(0) = degrees C at time = 0, and register_value(0) = the digital value of the temperature registers at time = 0). Any future reading of the registers indicates temperature change according to Equation 4: [ register_value(1) ] - [ register_value(0) ] T = T ( 1 ) - T ( 0 ) = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[ ( T ( 0 ) - 216 ) 256 ] (EQ. 4) FIGURE 45. SETTING OUTPUT_MODE_B REGISTER The procedure for setting output_mode_B is shown in Figure 45. Read the contents of output_mode_B and config_status and XOR them. Then XOR this result with the desired value for output_mode_B and write that XOR result to the register. Device Test The ISLA110P50 can produce preset or user defined patterns on the digital outputs to facilitate in-situ testing. A static word can be placed on the output bus, or two different words can alternate. In the alternate mode, the values defined as Word 1 and Word 2 (as shown in Table 14) are set on the output bus on alternating clock phases. The test mode is enabled asynchronously to the sample clock, therefore several sample clock cycles may elapse before the data is present on the output bus. ADDRESS 0XC0: TEST_IO Bits 7:6 User Test Mode These bits set the test mode to static (0x00) or alternate (0x01) mode. Other values are reserved. The four LSBs in this register (Output Test Mode) determine the test pattern in combination with registers 0xC2 through 0xC5. Refer to "SPI Memory Map" on page 28. TABLE 14. OUTPUT TEST MODES 0xC0[3:0] OUTPUT TEST MODE Off Midscale Positive Full-Scale Negative Full-Scale Checkerboard Reserved Reserved One/Zero User Pattern 0x8000 0xFFFF 0x0000 0xAAAA N/A N/A 0xFFFF user_patt1 N/A N/A N/A 0x5555 N/A N/A 0x0000 user_patt2 A less accurate method for evaluating the temperature change does not require knowledge of the temperature at time = 0, and is given by Equation 5: [ register_value(1) ] - [ register_value(0) ] T = T ( 1 ) - T ( 0 ) = ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------( -0.72 ) (EQ. 5) The digital temperature sensor is a weak function of the AVDD supply voltage, so to achieve best accuracy the AVDD supply voltage should be held fairly constant across the operarating temperature range. The algorithm to access this set of registers is as follows: 1. Write the value 0x80 to the Index Register (SPI address 0x10) 2. Write the value 0x88 to SPI address 0x120 to turn the temperature sensor on. 3. Read the register_value LSBs at SPI register 0x11E 4. Read the register_value MSBs at SPI register 0x11F 5. Write the value 0x60 to SPI address 0x120 to turn the temperature sensor off. VALUE 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 WORD 1 WORD 2 27 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 SPI Memory Map TABLE 15. SPI MEMORY MAP ADDR (Hex) 00 SPI Config 01 02 03-07 08 09 10 11-1F Indexed Device Config/Control 20 21 22 23 24 25 PARAMETER NAME port_config reserved burst_end reserved chip_id chip_version device_index_A reserved offset_coarse offset_fine gain_coarse gain_medium gain_fine modes Reserved Reserved Medium Gain Fine Gain Power-Down Mode [2:0] 000 = Pin Control 001 = Normal Operation 010 = Nap 100 = Sleep Other codes = Reserved Reserved Reserved I2E Low AC Settled RMS Power Disable Skew Freeze Low RMS Power Run Read only BIT 7 (MSB) SDO Active BIT 0 (LSB) Mirror (bit7) DEF. VALUE (Hex) 00h INDEXED /GLOBAL G BIT 6 LSB First BIT 5 Soft Reset BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 Mirror (bit5) BIT 1 Mirror (bit6) Reserved Burst end address [7:0] Reserved Chip ID # Chip Version # Reserved Reserved Coarse Offset Fine Offset Coarse Gain cal. value cal. value cal. value cal. value cal. value 00h NOT affected by Soft Reset I I I I I I ADC01 ADC00 Read only Read only 00h G G I 00h G Info 26-2F 30 reserved I2E Status I G 31 I2E Control Enable notch filter Reserved must be set to 0 Skip coarse adjustment Disable Offset Disable Gain 20h G 32 I2E Control and Status I2E Static Control reserved I2E Power Down Reserved, must be set to 0 00h G 33-49 4A Reserved Notch Filter Power Down Reserved RMS Power Threshold, LSBs RMS Power Threshold, MSBs RMS Power Hysteresis Reserved 00h 10h FFh I2E Power Down 00h G G 4B-4F 50 51 52 53-54 reserved I2E RMS Power Threshold LSBs I2E RMS Power Threshold MSBs I2E RMS Hysteresis reserved G G G G G 28 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 TABLE 15. SPI MEMORY MAP (Continued) ADDR (Hex) I2E Control and Status (continued) 55 56-5F 60 61 62 63 64 65-6F 70 71 PARAMETER NAME I2E AC RMS Hysteresis reserved Coarse Offset Init Fine Offset Init Medium Gain Init Fine Gain Init Sample Time Skew Init reserved skew_diff phase_slip BIT 7 (MSB) BIT 0 (LSB) DEF. VALUE (Hex) 10h INDEXED /GLOBAL G G 80h 80h 80h 80h 80h G G G G G G 80h Next Clock Edge Reserved (must be 0) 00h G G BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 AC RMS Power Hysteresis Reserved Coarse Offset Initialization value Fine Offset Initialization value Medium Gain Initialization value Fine Gain Initialization value Sample Time Skew Initialization value Reserved Differential Skew Reserved 72 Global DeviceConfig/Control Reserved Reserved 00h NOT affected by Soft Reset G 73 output_mode_A Output Mode [2:0] 000 = Pin Control 001 = LVDS 2mA 010 = LVDS 3mA 100 = LVCMOS other codes = reserved DLL Range 0 = fast 1 = slow 00h Output Format [2:0] NOT 000 = Pin Control 001 = Twos Complement affected by 010 = Gray Code Soft Reset 100 = Offset Binary Other codes = Reserved 00h NOT affected by Soft Reset Read Only Reserved G 74 output_mode_B G 75 76-BF config_status reserved XOR Result G 29 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 TABLE 15. SPI MEMORY MAP (Continued) ADDR (Hex) C0 PARAMETER NAME test_io BIT 7 (MSB) BIT 0 (LSB) DEF. VALUE (Hex) 00h INDEXED /GLOBAL G BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 User Test Mode [1:0] 00 = Single 01 = Alternate 10 = Reserved 11 = Reserved Output Test Mode [3:0] 0 = Off 1 = Midscale Short 2 = +FS Short 3 = -FS Short 4 = Checker Board 5 = reserved 6 = reserved Reserved 7 = One/Zero Word Toggle 8 = User Input 9-15 = reserved Device Test C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6-FF Reserved user_patt 1_lsb user_patt1_msb user_patt 2_lsb user_patt2_msb reserved B7 B15 B7 B15 B6 B14 B6 B14 B5 B13 B5 B13 00h B3 B11 B3 B11 B2 B10 B2 B10 B1 B9 B1 B9 B0 B8 B0 B8 00h 00h 00h 00h G G G G G B4 B12 B4 B12 Reserved Equivalent Circuits AVDD AVDD TO CLOCKPHASE GENERATION AVDD 11kO 18kO CLKP AVDD INP F1 F2 CSAMP 1.6pF TO CHARGE PIPELINE 3 F 500O AVDD INN F1 CSAMP 1.6pF F2 TO CHARGE PIPELINE F3 AVDD 11kO 18kO CLKN FIGURE 46. ANALOG INPUTS FIGURE 47. CLOCK INPUTS 30 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Equivalent Circuits AVDD AVDD (Continued) AVDD 75kO AVDD (20k PULL-UP ON RESETN ONLY) TO SENSE LOGIC OVDD OVDD 20k 75kO 280O OVDD INPUT INPUT 280 TO LOGIC 75kO 75kO FIGURE 48. TRI-LEVEL DIGITAL INPUTS FIGURE 49. DIGITAL INPUTS OVDD 2mA OR 3mA OVDD DATA DATA D[7:0]P OVDD D[7:0]N OVDD OVDD DATA DATA DATA 2mA OR 3mA D[7:0] FIGURE 50. LVDS OUTPUTS FIGURE 51. CMOS OUTPUTS AVDD VCM 0.535V + - FIGURE 52. VCM_OUT OUTPUT 31 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 A/D Evaluation Platform Intersil offers an A/D Evaluation platform which can be used to evaluate any of Intersil's high speed A/D products. The platform consists of a FPGA based data capture motherboard and a family of A/D daughtercards. This USB based platform allows a user to quickly evaluate the A/D's performance at a user's specific application frequency requirements. More information is available at http://www.intersil.com/converters/adc_eval_platform/ Definitions Analog Input Bandwidth is the analog input frequency at which the spectral output power at the fundamental frequency (as determined by FFT analysis) is reduced by 3dB from its full-scale low-frequency value. This is also referred to as Full Power Bandwidth. Aperture Delay or Sampling Delay is the time required after the rise of the clock input for the sampling switch to open, at which time the signal is held for conversion. Aperture Jitter is the RMS variation in aperture delay for a set of samples. Clock Duty Cycle is the ratio of the time the clock wave is at logic high to the total time of one clock period. Differential Non-Linearity (DNL) is the deviation of any code width from an ideal 1 LSB step. Effective Number of Bits (ENOB) is an alternate method of specifying Signal to Noise-and-Distortion Ratio (SINAD). In dB, it is calculated as: ENOB = (SINAD - 1.76)/6.02 Gain Error is the ratio of the difference between the voltages that cause the lowest and highest code transitions to the full-scale voltage less 2 LSB. It is typically expressed in percent. I2E The Intersil Interleave Engine. This highly configurable circuitry performs estimates of offset, gain, and sample time skew mismatches between the core converters, and updates analog adjustments for each to minimize interleave spurs. Integral Non-Linearity (INL) is the maximum deviation of the A/D's transfer function from a best fit line determined by a least squares curve fit of that transfer function, measured in units of LSBs. Least Significant Bit (LSB) is the bit that has the smallest value or weight in a digital word. Its value in terms of input voltage is VFS/(2N-1) where N is the resolution in bits. Missing Codes are output codes that are skipped and will never appear at the A/D output. These codes cannot be reached with any input value. Most Significant Bit (MSB) is the bit that has the largest value or weight. Pipeline Delay is the number of clock cycles between the initiation of a conversion and the appearance at the output pins of the data. Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) is the ratio of the observed magnitude of a spur in the A/D FFT, caused by an AC signal superimposed on the power supply voltage. Signal to Noise-and-Distortion (SINAD) is the ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the RMS sum of all other spectral components below one half the clock frequency, including harmonics but excluding DC. Layout Considerations Split Ground and Power Planes Data converters operating at high sampling frequencies require extra care in PC board layout. Many complex board designs benefit from isolating the analog and digital sections. Analog supply and ground planes should be laid out under signal and clock inputs. Locate the digital planes under outputs and logic pins. Grounds should be joined under the chip. Clock Input Considerations Use matched transmission lines to the transformer inputs for the analog input and clock signals. Locate transformers and terminations as close to the chip as possible. Exposed Paddle The exposed paddle must be electrically connected to analog ground (AVSS) and should be connected to a large copper plane using numerous vias for optimal thermal performance. Bypass and Filtering Bulk capacitors should have low equivalent series resistance. Tantalum is a good choice. For best performance, keep ceramic bypass capacitors very close to device pins. Longer traces will increase inductance, resulting in diminished dynamic performance and accuracy. Make sure that connections to ground are direct and low impedance. Avoid forming ground loops. LVDS Outputs Output traces and connections must be designed for 50 (100 differential) characteristic impedance. Keep traces direct and minimize bends where possible. Avoid crossing ground and power-plane breaks with signal traces. LVCMOS Outputs Output traces and connections must be designed for 50 characteristic impedance. Unused Inputs Standard logic inputs (RESETN, CSB, SCLK, SDIO, SDO) which will not be operated do not require connection to ensure optimal A/D performance. These inputs can be left floating if they are not used. Tri-level inputs (NAPSLP, OUTMODE, OUTFMT) accept a floating input as a valid state, and therefore should be biased according to the desired functionality. 32 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (without Harmonics) is the ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the RMS sum of all other spectral components below one-half the sampling frequency, excluding harmonics and DC. SNR and SINAD are either given in units of dB when the power of the fundamental is used as the reference, or dBFS (dB to full scale) when the converter's full-scale input power is used as the reference. Spurious-Free-Dynamic Range (SFDR) is the ratio of the RMS signal amplitude to the RMS value of the largest spurious spectral component. The largest spurious spectral component may or may not be a harmonic. 33 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Revision History The revision history provided is for informational purposes only and is believed to be accurate, but not warranted. Please go to web to make sure you have the latest Rev. DATE 5/19/10 REVISION FN7606.1 CHANGE -On page 1: Removed CLKDIV from key feature list (Selectable Clock Divider: /1 or /2) Removed CLKDIV pin from "Block Diagram"(was right nexto to CLKDIVRSTP pin) -On page 3: Removed CLKDIV pin from "Pin Configuration" diagram, replaced with a DNC pin (pin 16) -On page 4: Removed CLKDIV pin from "Pin Descriptions" list, added pin 16 to DNC list -On page 8: Under "CMOS INPUTS" in the "Digital Specifications" table, added CSB and SCLK to the CMOS pin list (in Parameter column) for I_IH, I_IL, V_IH, V_IL Removed CLKDIV reference from "Input Current High (OUTMODE, NAPSLP, OUTFMT) (Note 14)" and "Input Current Low (OUTMODE, NAPSLP, OUTFMT)" specs -On page 16: Removed text and table describing CLKDIV function -On page 20: Removed sentences referencing the "2GSPS" block diagram under the "Clock Divider Synchronous Reset" section as we no longer support this clock distribution block diagram, nor su/hold times to support closing timing at 1GHz input clock -On page 21: Removed Sync generation block diagram (former FIGURE 38. SYNCHRONIZATION SCHEME) because we no longer support this architecture -On page 26: Updated "Address 0x71: phase_slip" section to reflect functionality in the CLKDIV1 mode. New timing diagram Figure 44 to show functionality. Removed the "ADDRESS 0X72: CLOCK_DIVIDE" section and table for SPI address 0x72, clock_divide feature -On page 29: Removed the clock_divide SPI register from Table 15 under ADDR 72, replacing with Reserved (and indicating which bits must be set to 0) -On page 32: Removed the CLKDIV reference in "Unused Inputs" section Initial Release of Production Datasheet 3/30/10 FN7565.0 Products Intersil Corporation is a leader in the design and manufacture of high-performance analog semiconductors. The Company's products address some of the industry's fastest growing markets, such as, flat panel displays, cell phones, handheld products, and notebooks. Intersil's product families address power management and analog signal processing functions. Go to www.intersil.com/products for a complete list of Intersil product families. *For a complete listing of Applications, Related Documentation and Related Parts, please see the respective device information page on intersil.com: ISLA110P50 To report errors or suggestions for this datasheet, please go to www.intersil.com/askourstaff FITs are available from our website at http://rel.intersil.com/reports/search.php For additional products, see www.intersil.com/product_tree Intersil products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems as noted in the quality certifications found at www.intersil.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design, software and/or specifications at any time without notice. Accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com 34 FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 ISLA110P50 Package Outline Drawing L72.10x10C 72 LEAD QUAD FLAT NO-LEAD PLASTIC PACKAGE (PUNCH QFN) Rev 0, 7/07 10.00 9.75 72 1 6 PIN 1 INDEX AREA A X B EXPOSED PAD AREA 72 1 Z 6 PIN #1 INDEX AREA 9.75 10.00 8.50 REF . (4X) 68X 0.50 4 0.23 (4X) 0.15 TOP VIEW 6.00 REF. (4X) BOTTOM VIEW 72X 0.50 0.1 mm 0.100 M C A B PACKAGE OUTLINE 6.00 10.00 (68X 0.50) (72X 0.23) R0.200 TYP. (72X 0.20) (72X 0.70) TYPICAL RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN 1 72 R0.200 0.450 C0.400 X 45 (4X) DETAIL "X" R0.115 TYP. 11 1 ALL AROUND 9.75 DETAIL "Z" Y 10.00 SIDE VIEW 0.100 C R0.200 MAX ALL AROUND NOTES: 1. Dimensions are in millimeters. Dimensions in ( ) for Reference Only. 2. Dimensioning and tolerancing conform to JESD-MO220. 3. Unless otherwise specified, tolerance : Decimal 0.05; body tolerance: 0.1mm 4. Dimension b applies to the metallized terminal and is measured between 0.15mm and 0.30mm from the terminal tip. 5. Tiebar shown (if present) is a non-functional feature. 6. The configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be located within the zone indicated. The pin #1 identifier may be either a mold or mark feature. 0.19~ 0.245 0.08 C 0.65 0.85 SEATING PLANE C e b 0.100 M C A B 0.050 M C 0.25 0.02 DETAIL "Y" 35 (A FN7606.1 June 4, 2010 L LL (0 .1 AR 2 5 O) U N D ) |
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